News
CPCRN Publishes Special Supplement to Mark 20th Anniversary
The Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network (CPCRN) has published a supplemental issue of Cancer Causes and Control to mark the Network’s 20th anniversary.
The supplement is separated into five subthemes: (1) Addressing Equity Through CPCRN, (2) Capacity Building, (3) Partnership Engagement, (4) Rural Cancer Prevention and Control, and (5) Future Cancer Needs and Priorities. The 21 articles co-written by Network members, partners, and affiliates detail frameworks to address disparities in cancer prevention, strategies to build capacity and engagement across community partners, and considerations on working with medically underserved populations, such as rural and bicultural communities.
The closing article, titled “The Special Sauce of the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network: 20 years of Lessons Learned in Developing the Evidence Base, Building Community Capacity and Translating Research into Practice”, describes the nature and extent of collaborations within CPCRN publications and illustrates the strategies, expertise, and key structures and processes that have enabled CPCPN’s work.
The supplement was guest-edited by CPCRN members, Drs. Prajakta Adsul (University of New Mexico), Cam Escoffery (Emory University), Aaron Seaman (University of Iowa), Cynthia Thomson (University of Arizona), and Stephanie Wheeler (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill).
“Together, these articles represent the tremendous breadth and depth of CPCRN research products in the current funding cycle,” said Dr. Stephanie Wheeler, Principal Investigator (PI) of the CPCRN coordinating center. “Our members have been able to generate and sustain an impressive number of novel research ideas that they have then executed through projects which have helped transform the science of cancer prevention and control. From studies focused on reducing cancer risk exposure to ensuring timely cancer screening and early detection all the way through to optimizing guideline-concordant treatment and survivorship care, our members are invested in leveraging collaborative wisdom with community partners to achieve the best possible cancer health outcomes for all.”
“CPCRN is the largest and longest-running thematic research network supported by CDC's Prevention Research Centers Program,” said Lisa C. Richardson, M.D., M.P.H., director of CDC’s Division of Cancer Prevention and Control. “Over the past two decades, CPCRN has played a critical role in creating and translating the evidence of what works into practice, with an emphasis on alleviating differences in cancer outcomes for all populations.”
Reflecting on how the Network’s partnerships have impacted communities and policies in the past two decades, Dr. Wheeler said, “It's really about three key elements—the power of people from diverse backgrounds, working within carefully designed structures and processes, who are willing to adapt to real-world challenges like COVID19, to see beyond one research project, and to think about systems transformation that can bring about larger change.”
The supplement has been published open access by SpringerNature and the full issue is available here. Articles included in the supplement can also be individually downloaded by following the links below:
Introductory Article
Arica White, Susan A. Sabatino, Mary C. White, Cynthia Vinson, David A. Chambers & Lisa C. Richardson
Sub-Theme 1: Addressing Equity Through CPCRN
· Principles to operationalize equity in cancer research and health outcomes: lessons learned from the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network
Perla Chebli, Prajakta Adsul, Julie Kranick, Catherine L. Rohweder, Betsy C. Risendal, Emily Bilenduke, Rebecca Williams, Stephanie Wheeler, Simona C. Kwon & Chau Trinh-Shevrin
· From study plans to capacity building: a journey towards health equity in cancer survivorship
Prajakta Adsul, Jessica D. Austin, Perla Chebli, Emanuelle M. Dias, Rachel Hirschey, Priyanka Ravi, Aaron T. Seaman, Rosi Vogel
· Identifying research practices toward achieving health equity principles within the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network
Prajakta Adsul, Jessica Islam, Perla Chebli, Julie Kranick, Sarah Nash, Hannah Arem, Stephanie Wheeler, Melissa Lopez-Pentecost, Victoria Foster, Rashmi K. Sharma, Tisha Felder, Betsy Risendal, Enmanuel A. Chavarria, Simona Kwon, Rachel Hirschey & Chau Trinh-Shevrin
· Measuring and addressing health equity: an assessment of cancer center designation requirements
Jason T. Semprini, Caitlin B. Biddell, Jan M. Eberth, Mary E. Charlton, Sarah H. Nash, Katherine A. Yeager, Donoria Evans, Purnima Madhivanan, Heather M. Brandt, Natoshia M. Askelson, Aaron T. Seaman & Whitney E. Zahnd
· Supporting implementation science and health equity in cancer prevention and control through research networks
Prajakta Adsul, Stephanie B. Wheeler, Alexa L. Young, Rebecca J. Lee & Heather M. Brandt
Sub-Theme 2: Capacity-Building
· Twenty years of capacity building across the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network
Mary Wangen, Cam Escoffery, Maria E. Fernandez, Daniela B. Friedman, Peggy Hannon, Linda K. Ko, Annette E. Maxwell, Courtney Petagna, Betsy Risendal, Catherine Rohweder & Jennifer Leeman
· Mixed methods evaluation of the inaugural year of the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network’s (CPCRN) scholars program
Cam Escoffery, Courtney N. Petagna, Mary Wangen, Kimberly J. Flicker, Samuel B. Noblet, Mayank Sakhuja, Cynthia A. Thomson, Elaine H. Morrato, Swann Adams, Jennifer Leeman & Daniela B. Friedman
· Implementation studio: implementation support program to build the capacity of rural community health educators serving immigrant communities to implement evidence-based cancer prevention and control interventions
Linda K. Ko, Thuy Vu, Sonia Bishop, Jennifer Leeman, Cam Escoffery, Rachel L. Winer, Miriana C. Duran, Manal Masud & Yaniv Rait
· Optimizing process flow diagrams to guide implementation of a colorectal cancer screening intervention in new settings
Meghan C. O’Leary, Kristen Hassmiller Lich, Daniel S. Reuland, Alison T. Brenner, Alexis A. Moore, Shana Ratner, Sarah A. Birken & Stephanie B. Wheeler
Sub-Theme 3: Partnership Engagement
· Patient preferences for the design of a pharmacy-based colorectal cancer screening program
Alison T. Brenner, Austin R. Waters, Mary Wangen, Catherine Rohweder, Olufeyisayo Odebunmi, Macary Weck Marciniak, Renée M. Ferrari, Stephanie B. Wheeler & Parth D. Shah
· A practical method for integrating community priorities in planning and implementing cancer control programs
Emily Bilenduke, Andrea J. Dwyer, Elsa S. Staples, Kristin Kilbourn, Patricia A. Valverde, Maria E. Fernández & Betsy C. Risendal
· Uptake of colorectal cancer screening after mailed fecal immunochemical test (FIT) outreach in a newly eligible 45–49-year-old community health center population
Meghan C. O’Leary, Daniel S. Reuland, Sara Y. Correa, Alexis A. Moore, Teri L. Malo, Xianming Tan, Catherine L. Rohweder, Stephanie B. Wheeler & Alison T. Brenner
Sub-Theme 4: Rural Cancer Prevention and Control
Meghan C. O’Leary, Kristen Hassmiller Lich, Maria E. Mayorga, Karen Hicklin, Melinda M. Davis, Alison T. Brenner, Daniel S. Reuland, Sarah A. Birken & Stephanie B. Wheeler
Karen E. Wickersham, Kristin E. Morrill, Melissa Lopez-Pentecost, Sue P. Heiney, Jaron J. King, Purnima Madhivanan & Rachel Hirschey
· Prioritizing rural populations in state comprehensive cancer control plans: a qualitative assessment
Rachel Hirschey, Catherine Rohweder, Whitney E. Zahnd, Jan M. Eberth, Prajakta Adsul, Yue Guan, Katherine A. Yeager, Heidi Haines, Paige E. Farris, Jennifer W. Bea, Andrea Dwyer, Purnima Madhivanan, Radhika Ranganathan, Aaron T. Seaman, Thuy Vu, Karen Wickersham, Maihan Vu, Randall Teal, Kara Giannone, Alison Hilton, Allison Cole, Jessica Y. Islam & Natoshia Askelson
Madison M. Wahlen, Ingrid M. Lizarraga, Amanda R. Kahl, Whitney E. Zahnd, Jan M. Eberth, Linda Overholser, Natoshia Askelson, Rachel Hirschey, Katherine Yeager, Sarah Nash, Jacklyn M. Engelbart & Mary E. Charlton
· Multi-level predictors of being up-to-date with colorectal cancer screening
Kristen Hassmiller Lich, Sarah D. Mills, Tzy-Mey Kuo, Chris D. Baggett & Stephanie B. Wheeler
Sub-Theme 5: Future Cancer Needs and Priorities
Betsy Risendal, Cynthia A. Thomson, Aaron Seaman, Rachel Hirschey & Linda Overholser
· Equitable implementation of lung cancer screening: Avoiding its potential to mirror existing inequities among people who use tobacco
Emily Bilenduke, Shacoria Anderson, Alison Brenner, Jessica Currier, Jan M. Eberth, Jaron King, Stephanie R. Land, Betsy C. Risendal, Jackilen Shannon, Leeann N. Siegel, Mary Wangen, Austin R. Waters, Whitney E. Zahnd & Jamie L. Studts
Closing Article
Stephanie B. Wheeler, Rebecca J. Lee, Alexa L. Young, Adam Dodd, Charlotte Ellis, Bryan J. Weiner, Kurt M. Ribisl, Prajakta Adsul, Sarah A. Birken, María E. Fernández, Peggy A. Hannon, James R. Hébert, Linda K. Ko, Aaron Seaman, Thuy Vu, Heather M. Brandt & Rebecca S. Williams
About CRCPN
The Network was initiated in October 2002, as part of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) and the National Cancer Institute’s (NCI) ongoing efforts to translate research findings more effectively into practice and policy, with a special focus on the unmet needs of populations at higher risk of getting cancer and dying from it.
Over the past two decades, the Network has been successful in influencing local clinic practices, state cancer plans, and national organizations’ practices and policies. The supplemental issue of Cancer Causes and Control reflects on the Network’s successes and lessons learned.
CPCRN’s 247 current members comprise academic, public health, clinical, health system organizational, and community partners who work together to reduce the burden of cancer, especially among those disproportionately affected. The Network’s vision is to reduce the burden of cancer in U.S. populations and eliminate cancer disparities. Focused on cancer research through a health equity lens, the Network conducts community-engaged research across eight collaborating Network centers funded by the CDC, including the Colorado School of Public Health (led by Dr. Betsy Risendal), Emory University (led by Dr. Cam Escoffery), New York University – City University of New York (led by Dr. Chau Trinh-Shevrin), University of Arizona (led by Dr. Cynthia Thomson and Dr. David Garcia), University of Iowa (led by Dr. Natoshia Askelson), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (led by Dr. Alison Brenner and Dr. Rachel Hirschey), University of South Carolina (led by Dr. Daniela Friedman, Dr. James Hébert, and Dr. Swann Adams), and University of Washington (led by Dr. Linda Ko). The UNC Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention (HPDP), hosts the Network’s coordinating center, led by Dr. Stephanie Wheeler as Principal Investigator.
In 2022, CPCRN celebrated its 20th anniversary by hosting a webinar titled "20 Years of the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network (CPCRN): Past, Present, and Future.” The virtual event reached more than 150 total attendees, and Network member panelists shared information about collaborative work carried out across the Network. The webinar highlighted tools and programs collectively developed and implemented across multicenter workgroups, discussed current works in progress, and explored areas for research and practice growth in implementation science.
Funding Acknowledgement
This journal supplement is a product of the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network (CPCRN). CPCRN-supported institutions receive funding support under Cooperative Agreement Numbers U48 DP006377, U48 DP006396, U48 DP006413, U48 DP006399, U48 DP006389, U48 DP006400, U48 DP006401, U48 DP006398 from the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) through its Prevention Research Center Program. The ideas expressed in the articles are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of, nor an endorsement, by CDC/HHS, or the U.S. Government.
Cancer Causes & Control, Volume 34, supplement issue 1, December 2023*
20 Years of the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network (CPCRN): Past, Present, and Future
Sub-Theme 1: Addressing Equity Through CPCRN
Perla Chebli, Prajakta Adsul, Julie Kranick, Catherine L. Rohweder, Betsy C. Risendal, Emily Bilenduke, Rebecca Williams, Stephanie Wheeler, Simona C. Kwon & Chau Trinh-Shevrin
Prajakta Adsul, Jessica D. Austin, Perla Chebli, Emanuelle M. Dias, Rachel Hirschey, Priyanka Ravi, Aaron T. Seaman, Rosi Vogel
Prajakta Adsul, Jessica Islam, Perla Chebli, Julie Kranick, Sarah Nash, Hannah Arem, Stephanie Wheeler, Melissa Lopez-Pentecost, Victoria Foster, Rashmi K. Sharma, Tisha Felder, Betsy Risendal, Enmanuel A. Chavarria, Simona Kwon, Rachel Hirschey & Chau Trinh-Shevrin
Jason T. Semprini, Caitlin B. Biddell, Jan M. Eberth, Mary E. Charlton, Sarah H. Nash, Katherine A. Yeager, Donoria Evans, Purnima Madhivanan, Heather M. Brandt, Natoshia M. Askelson, Aaron T. Seaman & Whitney E. Zahnd
Prajakta Adsul, Stephanie B. Wheeler, Alexa L. Young, Rebecca J. Lee & Heather M. Brandt
learned from the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network” had been mistakenly included and published in Volume 34, issue 4, though it should have been published in the special issue titled, “20 Years of the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network (CPCRN): Past, Present, and Future ”
Cancer Causes & Control, Volume 34, supplement issue 1, December 2023
20 Years of the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network (CPCRN): Past, Present, and Future
Sub-Theme 2: Capacity-Building
Mary Wangen, Cam Escoffery, Maria E. Fernandez, Daniela B. Friedman, Peggy Hannon, Linda K. Ko, Annette E. Maxwell, Courtney Petagna, Betsy Risendal, Catherine Rohweder & Jennifer Leeman
Cam Escoffery, Courtney N. Petagna, Mary Wangen, Kimberly J. Flicker, Samuel B. Noblet, Mayank Sakhuja, Cynthia A. Thomson, Elaine H. Morrato, Swann Adams, Jennifer Leeman & Daniela B. Friedman
Linda K. Ko, Thuy Vu, Sonia Bishop, Jennifer Leeman, Cam Escoffery, Rachel L. Winer, Miriana C. Duran, Manal Masud & Yaniv Rait
Meghan C. O’Leary, Kristen Hassmiller Lich, Daniel S. Reuland, Alison T. Brenner, Alexis A. Moore, Shana Ratner, Sarah A. Birken & Stephanie B. Wheeler
Cancer Causes & Control, Volume 34, supplement issue 1, December 2023
20 Years of the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network (CPCRN): Past, Present, and Future
Sub-Theme 3: Partnership Engagement
Alison T. Brenner, Austin R. Waters, Mary Wangen, Catherine Rohweder, Olufeyisayo Odebunmi, Macary Weck Marciniak, Renée M. Ferrari, Stephanie B. Wheeler & Parth D. Shah
Emily Bilenduke, Andrea J. Dwyer, Elsa S. Staples, Kristin Kilbourn, Patricia A. Valverde, Maria E. Fernández & Betsy C. Risendal
Meghan C. O’Leary, Daniel S. Reuland, Sara Y. Correa, Alexis A. Moore, Teri L. Malo, Xianming Tan, Catherine L. Rohweder, Stephanie B. Wheeler & Alison T. Brenner
Cancer Causes & Control, Volume 34, supplement issue 1, December 2023
20 Years of the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network (CPCRN): Past, Present, and Future
Sub-Theme 4: Rural Cancer Prevention and Control
Meghan C. O’Leary, Kristen Hassmiller Lich, Maria E. Mayorga, Karen Hicklin, Melinda M. Davis, Alison T. Brenner, Daniel S. Reuland, Sarah A. Birken & Stephanie B. Wheeler
Karen E. Wickersham, Kristin E. Morrill, Melissa Lopez-Pentecost, Sue P. Heiney, Jaron J. King, Purnima Madhivanan & Rachel Hirschey
Rachel Hirschey, Catherine Rohweder, Whitney E. Zahnd, Jan M. Eberth, Prajakta Adsul, Yue Guan, Katherine A. Yeager, Heidi Haines, Paige E. Farris, Jennifer W. Bea, Andrea Dwyer, Purnima Madhivanan, Radhika Ranganathan, Aaron T. Seaman, Thuy Vu, Karen Wickersham, Maihan Vu, Randall Teal, Kara Giannone, Alison Hilton, Allison Cole, Jessica Y. Islam & Natoshia Askelson
Madison M. Wahlen, Ingrid M. Lizarraga, Amanda R. Kahl, Whitney E. Zahnd, Jan M. Eberth, Linda Overholser, Natoshia Askelson, Rachel Hirschey, Katherine Yeager, Sarah Nash, Jacklyn M. Engelbart & Mary E. Charlton
Kristen Hassmiller Lich, Sarah D. Mills, Tzy-Mey Kuo, Chris D. Baggett & Stephanie B. Wheeler
Cancer Causes & Control, Volume 34, supplement issue 1, December 2023
20 Years of the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network (CPCRN): Past, Present, and Future
Sub-Theme 5: Future Cancer Needs and Priorities
Betsy Risendal, Cynthia A. Thomson, Aaron Seaman, Rachel Hirschey & Linda Overholser
Emily Bilenduke, Shacoria Anderson, Alison Brenner, Jessica Currier, Jan M. Eberth, Jaron King, Stephanie R. Land, Betsy C. Risendal, Jackilen Shannon, Leeann N. Siegel, Mary Wangen, Austin R. Waters, Whitney E. Zahnd & Jamie L. Studts
Cancer Causes & Control, Volume 34, supplement issue 1, December 2023
20 Years of the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network (CPCRN): Past, Present, and Future
Introductory Article
Twenty years of collaborative research to enhance community practice for cancer prevention and control
Arica
White, Susan A. Sabatino, Mary C. White, Cynthia Vinson,
David A. Chambers & Lisa C. Richardson
Closing Article
The special sauce of the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network: 20 years of lessons learned in developing the evidence base, building community capacity, and translating research into practice
Stephanie
B. Wheeler, Rebecca J. Lee, Alexa L. Young, Adam Dodd, Charlotte Ellis, Bryan
J. Weiner, Kurt M. Ribisl,
Prajakta Adsul,
Sarah A. Birken, María E. Fernández, Peggy A. Hannon, James R. Hébert, Linda K.
Ko, Aaron Seaman, Thuy Vu, Heather M. Brandt & Rebecca S. Williams
Front. Health.Serv (Aug 2023)
Toward a more comprehensive understanding of organizational influences on implementation: the organization theory for implementation science frameworkBirken, S.A.*, Wagi, C.R.*, Peluso, A.G.*, Kegler, M.C*., Baloh, J*., Adsul, P.*, Fernandez, M.E.*, Masud. M.*, Huang, T. T-K.*, Lee, M. *, Wangen, M. *, Nilsen, P., Bender, M., Choy-Brown, M*., Ryan, G*., Randazzo, A., Ko, L.K*. (2023). Toward a more comprehensive understanding of organizational influences on implementation: the organization theory for implementation science framework. Frontiers in Health Services https://doi.org/10.3389/frhs.2023.1142598 |
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*CPCRN Co-Authors |
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Implementation is influenced by factors beyond individual clinical settings. Nevertheless, implementation research often focuses on factors related to individual providers and practices, potentially due to limitations of available frameworks. Extant frameworks do not adequately capture the myriad organizational influences on implementation. Organization theories capture diverse organizational influences but remain underused in implementation science. To advance their use among implementation scientists, we distilled 70 constructs from nine organization theories identified in our previous work into theoretical domains in the Organization Theory for Implementation Science (OTIS) framework.
METHODS: The process of distilling organization theory constructs into domains involved concept mapping and iterative consensus-building. First, we recruited organization and implementation scientists to participate in an online concept mapping exercise in which they sorted organization theory constructs into domains representing similar theoretical concepts. Multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analyses were used to produce visual representations (clusters) of the relationships among constructs in concept maps. Second, to interpret concept maps, we engaged members of the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network (CPCRN) OTIS workgroup in consensus-building discussions.
RESULTS: Twenty-four experts participated in concept mapping. Based on resulting construct groupings' coherence, OTIS workgroup members selected the 10-cluster solution (from options of 7-13 clusters) and then reorganized clusters in consensus-building discussions to increase coherence. This process yielded six final OTIS domains: organizational characteristics (e.g., size; age); governance and operations (e.g., organizational and social subsystems); tasks and processes (e.g., technology cycles; excess capacity); knowledge and learning (e.g., tacit knowledge; sense making); characteristics of a population of organizations (e.g., isomorphism; selection pressure); and interorganizational relationships (e.g., dominance; interdependence).
DISCUSSION: Organizational influences on implementation are poorly understood, in part due to the limitations of extant frameworks. To improve understanding of organizational influences on implementation, we distilled 70 constructs from nine organization theories into six domains. Applications of the OTIS framework will enhance understanding of organizational influences on implementation, promote theory-driven strategies for organizational change, improve understanding of mechanisms underlying relationships between OTIS constructs and implementation, and allow for framework refinement. Next steps include testing the OTIS framework in implementation research and adapting it for use among policymakers and practitioners.
KEYWORDS: organization theory, implementation, determinant framework, concept mapping, consensus-building
Cancer (Jul 2023)
Social Isolation and Social Connectedness Among Young Adult Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review |
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Fox, R. S.*, Armstrong, G. E., Gaumond, J. S., Vigoureux, T. F. D., Miller, C. H., Sanford, S. D., Salsman, J. M., Katsanis, E., Badger, T. A., Reed, D. R., Gonzalez, B. D., Jim, H. S. L., Warner, E. L., Victorson, D. E., & Oswald, L. B. (2023). Social isolation and social connectedness among young adult cancer survivors: A systematic review. Cancer, 10.1002/cncr.34934. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.34934 |
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*CPCRN Co-Authors |
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Social isolation and connectedness are social determinants of health that have demonstrated effects on cancer-related outcomes. These constructs have been systematically evaluated among pediatric and older adult cancer populations. In this review, the authors evaluated the prevalence, correlates, and psychosocial implications of social isolation and connectedness among young adult (YA) cancer survivors aged 18-39 years.
METHODS: Peer-reviewed articles published in English before June 2021 were identified from database searches and included articles' reference lists according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Included articles described studies that assessed social isolation and/or connectedness among YA cancer survivors.
RESULTS: In total, 5094 unique records were identified; 4143 were excluded after title/abstract screening, and 907 were excluded after full-text review. Forty-four articles were included. Few studies used validated measures or directly assessed social isolation or connectedness. Social isolation was similarly prevalent among YAs and older cancer survivors and noncancer populations. Demographic, clinical, and behavioral risk and protective factors for social isolation were identified. Social isolation was related to worse psychological well-being, whereas social connectedness was often, but not always, related to better psychological well-being.
CONCLUSIONS: This growing literature underscores the relevance of social isolation and connectedness as important health determinants among YA cancer survivors. The identified risk and protective factors can identify YAs who especially may benefit from screening for social isolation. Future studies are needed that directly, reliably, and validly evaluate social isolation and connectedness to inform the development of interventions to decrease isolation and increase connectedness.
KEYWORDS: cancer survivorship; social connectedness; social isolation; systematic review; young adults.
Cancer Causes & Control (Jul 2023)
Identifying Opportunities for Collective Action Around Community Nutrition Programming Through Participatory Systems Science |
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Chebli, P.*, Đoàn, L. N., Thompson, R. L., Chin, M., Sabounchi, N.*, Foster, V.*, Huang, T. T. K.*, Trinh-Shevrin, C.*, Kwon, S. C.*, & Yi, S. S. (2023). Identifying opportunities for collective action around community nutrition programming through participatory systems science. Cancer causes & control : CCC, 10.1007/s10552-023-01751-6. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-023-01751-6 |
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*CPCRN Co-Authors |
Abstract
PURPOSE: To apply principles of group model building (GMB), a participatory systems science approach, to identify barriers and opportunities for collective impact around nutrition programming to reduce cancer risk for immigrant communities in an urban environment.
METHODS: We convened four in-person workshops applying GMB with nine community partners to generate causal loop diagrams (CLDs)-a visual representation of hypothesized causal relationships between variables and feedback structures within a system. GMB workshops prompted participants to collaboratively identify programmatic goals and challenges related to (1) community gardening, (2) nutrition education, (3) food assistance programs, and (4) community-supported agriculture. Participants then attended a plenary session to integrate findings from all workshops and identify cross-cutting ideas for collective action.
RESULTS Several multilevel barriers to nutrition programming emerged: (1) food policies center the diets and practices of White Americans and inhibit culturally tailored food guidelines and funding for culturally appropriate nutrition education; (2) the lack of culturally tailored nutrition education in communities is a missed opportunity for fostering pride in immigrant food culture and sustainment of traditional food practices; and (3) the limited availability of traditional ethnic produce in food assistance programs serving historically marginalized immigrant communities increases food waste and worsens food insecurity.
CONCLUSION: Emergent themes coalesced around the need to embed cultural tailoring into all levels of the food system, while also considering other characteristics of communities being reached (e.g., language needs). These efforts require coordinated actions related to food policy and advocacy, to better institutionalize these practices within the nutrition space.
KEYWORDS: Cancer disparities; Community engagement; Cultural adaptation; Food system; Immigrant communities; Systems science.
Journal of Community Health (Jul 2023)
Delivering COVID-19 Vaccine via Trusted Social Services: Program Evaluation Results from the Chicagoland CEAL Program |
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Martin, M. A., Cook, S., Spring, B., Echeverria Garcia, J. C., Moskowitz, D., Delaughter-Young, J., Silva, A., Hartstein, M., De Pablo, M., Peek, M., Lynch, E., Battalio, S., Vu, M.*, & Chicagoland CEAL Program (2023). Delivering COVID-19 Vaccine via Trusted Social Services: Program Evaluation Results from the Chicagoland CEAL Program. Journal of community health, 10.1007/s10900-023-01242-4. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-023-01242-4 |
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*CPCRN Co-Authors |
Abstract
To describe the reach, implementation, and sustainability of COVID-19 vaccination programs delivered by social service community organizations. Five academic institutions in the Chicagoland CEAL (Community Engagement Alliance) program partnered with 17 community organizations from September 2021—April 2022. Interviews, community organizations program implementation tracking documents, and health department vaccination data were used to conduct the evaluation. A total of 269 events were held and 5,432 COVID-19 vaccines delivered from May 2021–April 2022. Strategies that worked best included offering vaccinations in community settings with flexible and reliable hours; pairing vaccinations with ongoing social services; giving community organizations flexibility to adjust programs; offering incentives; and vaccinating staff first. These strategies and partnership structures supported vaccine uptake, community organization alignment with their missions and communities’ needs, and trust. Community organizations delivering social services are local community experts and trusted messengers. Pairing social service delivery with COVID-19 vaccination built individual and community agency. Giving COs creative control over program implementation enhanced trust and vaccine delivery. When given appropriate resources and control, community organizations can quickly deliver urgently needed health services in a public health crisis.
Implementation Science Communications (Jul 2023)
Community and Partner Engagement in Dissemination and Implementation Research at the National Institutes of Health: An Analysis of Recently Funded Studies and Opportunities to Advance the Field |
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Villalobos, A*., Blachman-Demner, D., Percy-Laurry, A.*, Belis, D., & Bhattacharya, M. (2023). Community and partner engagement in dissemination and implementation research at the National Institutes of Health: an analysis of recently funded studies and opportunities to advance the field. Implementation science communications, 4(1), 77. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43058-023-00462-y |
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*CPCRN Co-Authors |
Abstract
BACKGROUND: As the focus has grown in recent years on both engaged research and dissemination and implementation (D&I) research, so too has federal funding to support these areas. The purpose of this analysis is to provide an overall perspective about the range of practices and approaches being used to engage partners in D&I research, with special attention to disparities-relevant research, and to identify gaps and opportunities in research funded by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) in this space.
METHODS: This analysis examined a portfolio of active D&I research grants funded in fiscal years 2020 and 2021 across the NIH. Grant applications were deductively coded and summary statistics were calculated. Cross-tabulations were used to identify trends by engagement and disparities foci.
RESULTS There were 103 grants included in the portfolio, of which 87% contained some form of community or partner engagement, and 50% of engaged grants were relevant to health disparities. Engagement was planned across the research continuum with each study engaging on average 2.5 different partner types. Consultation was the most common level of engagement (56%) while partnership was the least common (3%). On average, each study used 2.2 engagement strategies. Only 16% of grants indicated formally measuring engagement. Compared to non-disparities studies, disparities-relevant studies were about twice as likely to engage partners at the higher levels of partnership or collaboration (19% vs. 11%) and were also more likely to be conducted in community settings (26% vs. 5%).
CONCLUSIONS: Based on this portfolio analysis, D&I research appears to regularly integrate engagement approaches and strategies, though opportunities to deepen engagement and diversify who is engaged remain. This manuscript outlines several gaps in the portfolio and describes opportunities for increasing engagement to improve the quality of D&I research and application to advancing health equity. In addition, opportunities for leveraging the consistent and systematic application of engagement approaches and strategies to advance the science of engagement are discussed.
KEYWORDS: Community engagement; Dissemination and implementation; Health disparities; Health equity; Partner engagement.
PEC Innovation (July 2023 online)
U.S. Vietnamese Parents’ Trusted Sources of Information and Preferences for Intervention Messaging about HPV Vaccination: A Mixed Methods Study |
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Vu, M.*, Berg, C. J., Pham, N. T., Tiro, J. A., Escoffery, C.,* Spring, B., Bednarczyk, R. A.,* Ta, D., & Kandula, N. R. (2023). U.S. Vietnamese parents' trusted sources of information and preferences for intervention messaging about HPV vaccination: A mixed methods study. PEC innovation, 3, 100189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecinn.2023.100189 *CPCRN Co-Author |
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Abstract |
Objective: Assess trusted sources of information, perceived message effectiveness, and preferred dissemination strategies regarding adolescent HPV vaccination among U.S. Vietnamese parents. Methods: Data came from an observational, explanatory sequential mixed-methods study with U.S. Vietnamese parents of adolescents (408 survey participants; 32 interview participants). Surveys and interviews were conducted in both Vietnamese and English. Mixed-methods data were integrated and analyzed for confirmation, expansion, or discordance. Results: Both quantitative and qualitative findings confirm high trust in HPV vaccination information from providers, government agencies, and cancer organizations. Messages perceived as effective emphasize vaccine safety, experts' endorsement, importance of vaccination prior to HPV exposure, and preventable cancers. Qualitative findings expanded quantitative results, demonstrating a desire for evidence-based information in the Vietnamese language and addressing cultural concerns (e.g., effectiveness or potential side effects specific to Vietnamese adolescents, whether parents should delay HPV vaccination for Vietnamese adolescents). Quantitative and qualitative findings were incongruent about whether parents would trust information about HPV vaccination that is disseminated via social media. Conclusion: We identified credible messengers, feasible strategies, and elements of impactful messages for interventions to increase adolescent HPV vaccination for U.S. Vietnamese. Innovation: We focus on a high-risk, underserved population and integrate mixed-methods design and analysis. Keywords: Asian Americans; HPV vaccination; Health education interventions; Immunization; Vietnamese; cancer. |
JMIR Formative Research (Jul 2023)
Assessment and Documentation of Social Determinants of Health Among Health Care Providers: Qualitative Study |
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Yelton, B., Rumthao, J. R., Sakhuja, M.*, Macauda, M. M., Donelle, L., Arent, M. A., Yang, X., Li, X., Noblet, S.*, & Friedman, D. B.* (2023). Assessment and Documentation of Social Determinants of Health Among Health Care Providers: Qualitative Study. JMIR formative research, 7, e47461. https://doi.org/10.2196/47461 |
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*CPCPRN Co-Authors |
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Research clearly demonstrates social determinants of health (SDOH) impact health outcomes. Provider consideration of patient SDOH in prevention and treatment planning is critical for improved health care quality and health equity. Despite awareness of the connections between SDOH and improved population health, research demonstrates few providers document patient SDOH.
OBJECTIVE: This qualitative study aimed to better understand the barriers and facilitators of SDOH assessment, documentation, and referral in different health care settings and roles.
METHODS: Individual semistructured interviews were conducted with practicing health care providers in South Carolina between August 25, 2022, and September 2, 2022. Participants were recruited via community partners’ web-based newsletters or listservs using a purposive sampling design. An interview guide with 19 questions was used to explore the following research question: How do SDOH impact patient health and what are the facilitators and barriers experienced by multidisciplinary health care providers assessing and documenting patient SDOH?
RESULTS: Participants (N=5) included a neonatal intensive care unit registered nurse, a nurse practitioner, a certified nurse midwife, a family and preventive medicine physician, and a counselor (licensed clinical social worker) with careers spanning 12 to 32 years. Participant responses are presented according to the following 5 themes: participants’ understanding of SDOH for the patient population, assessment and documentation practices, referrals to other providers and community-based resources, barriers and facilitators of SDOH assessment and documentation, and SDOH assessment and documentation training preferences. Overall, participants were aware of the importance of including patient SDOH in assessment and intervention but noted a variety of institutional and interpersonal barriers to assessment and documentation, including time constraints, perceptions of stigma around discussion of SDOH, and limited referral protocols.
CONCLUSIONS: Incentivizing inclusion of patient SDOH in health care must be facilitated from the top down, so assessment and documentation can be universally implemented in a pragmatic way that works for providers in a variety of roles and settings for the betterment of health care quality, health equity, and improved population health outcomes. Partnering with community organizations can serve to augment health care organizations’ resource and referral availability for addressing patients’ social needs.
KEYWORDS: social determinants of health, SDOH, health equity, Healthy People 2030, interviews, thematic analysis, health care worker, health care provider, health equity, barrier, facilitator, qualitative study, web-based, patient health, well-being, community health status
PLoS One (Jul 2023)
Food Insecurity Among Asian Americans: A Scoping Review Protocol |
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Ro, S., Pham, N. H., Huynh, V. N., Wafford, Q. E., & Vu, M.* (2023). Food insecurity among Asian Americans: A scoping review protocol. PloS one, 18(7), e0287895. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287895 |
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*CPCRN Co-Authors |
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Food insecurity is prevalent in the U.S. and is associated with deleterious health, behavioral, and social consequences. Food insecurity is currently addressed largely through public and private food assistance programs (e.g., the Supplementary Nutrition Assistance Program, and food pantries). A body of research has explored racial and ethnic disparities and differences in food insecurity and coping strategies. However, limited literature has explored these experiences among Asian Americans and Asian origin groups in the United States.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this review is to establish what is known about the experience of food insecurity and nutrition program participation in the Asian American population and among Asian origin groups and to suggest further research and policy action to better address food insecurity in this population.
METHODS: Our review is guided by the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley and refined and outlined by Levac and colleagues and the Joanna Briggs Institute. We will search key terms related to food insecurity and Asian Americans in Medline (Ovid), the Cochrane Library (Wiley), CINAHL Plus with Full Text (Ebsco), PsycINFO (Ebsco), and Scopus (Elsevier). An article will be included if it was published in the English language; is a peer reviewed research manuscript and reports primary research findings from analyses; and describes food insecurity or strategies to cope with food insecurity among individuals of Asian origins living in the U.S. An article will be excluded if it is a book, conference proceedings, or grey literature (e.g., thesis or dissertation); is a commentary, editorial, or opinion piece without primary research data; contains only research conducted outside of the U.S.; includes Asians in the sample but does not provide separate data on food insecurity or strategies to cope with food insecurity among Asians; and describes only dietary changes or patterns but not food insecurity. Two or more reviewers will participate in the study screening and selection process. We will record information from the final articles chosen to be included in the review in a data table template and will also prepare a summary narrative with key findings.
EXPECTED OUTPUTS: Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations. The findings from this review will be of interest to researchers and practitioners and inform further research and policy to better address food insecurity among this population.
Journal of Adolescent Health (Jul 2023)
Unvaccinated Adolescents' COVID-19 Vaccine Intentions: Implications for Public Health Messaging |
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Ryan, G. W.*, Askelson, N. M.*, Woodworth, K. R., Lindley, M. C., Gedlinske, A., Parker, A. M., Gidengil, C. A., Petersen, C. A., & Scherer, A. M.* (2023). Unvaccinated Adolescents' COVID-19 Vaccine Intentions: Implications for Public Health Messaging. The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, S1054-139X(23)00282-3. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.05.023 |
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*CPCRN Co-Authors |
Abstract
PURPOSE: COVID-19 vaccine uptake remains low for US adolescents and contributes to excess morbidity and mortality. Most research has assessed parental intention to vaccinate their children. We explored differences between vaccine-acceptant and vaccine-hesitant unvaccinated US adolescents using national survey data.
METHODS: A nonprobability, quota-based sample of adolescents, aged 13-17 years, was recruited through an online survey panel in April 2021. One thousand nine hundred twenty seven adolescents were screened for participation and the final sample included 985 responses. We assessed responses from unvaccinated adolescents (n = 831). Our primary measure was COVID-19 vaccination intent ("vaccine-acceptant" defined as "definitely will" get a COVID-19 vaccine and any other response classified as "vaccine-hesitant") and secondary measures included reasons for intending or not intending to get vaccinated and trusted sources of COVID-19 vaccine information. We calculated descriptive statistics and chi-square tests to explore differences between vaccine-acceptant and vaccine-hesitant adolescents.
RESULTS: Most (n = 831; 70.9%) adolescents were hesitant, with more hesitancy observed among adolescents with low levels of concern about COVID-19 and high levels of concern about side effects of COVID-19 vaccination. Among vaccine-hesitant adolescents, reasons for not intending to get vaccinated included waiting for safety data and having parents who would make the vaccination decision. Vaccine-hesitant adolescents had a lower number of trusted information sources than vaccine-acceptant adolescents.
DISCUSSION: Differences identified between vaccine-acceptant and vaccine-hesitant adolescents can inform message content and dissemination. Messages should include accurate, age-appropriate information about side effects and risks of COVID-19 infection. Prioritizing dissemination of these messages through family members, state and local government officials, and healthcare providers may be most effective.
KEYWORDS: COVID-19 vaccination; Survey research; Vaccine communication; Vaccine intentions.
BMC Public Health | June 2023
A Systematic Review of Interventions to Promote HPV Vaccination Globally |
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Escoffery, C.*, Petagna, C.*, Agnone, C.*, Perez, S., Saber, L. B., Ryan, G.*, Dhir, M., Sekar, S., Yeager, K. A.*, Biddell, C. B.*, Madhivanan, P.*, Lee, S.*, English, A. S., Savas, L., Daly, E., Vu, T.*, & Fernandez, M. E.* (2023). A systematic review of interventions to promote HPV vaccination globally. BMC public health, 23(1), 1262. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-15876-5 |
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*CPCRN Co-Authors |
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Despite the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine being a safe, effective cancer prevention method, its uptake is suboptimal in the United States (U.S.). Previous research has found a variety of intervention strategies (environmental and behavioral) to increase its uptake. The purpose of the study is to systematically review the literature on interventions that promote HPV vaccination from 2015 to 2020.
METHODS: We updated a systematic review of interventions to promote HPV vaccine uptake globally. We ran keyword searches in six bibliographic databases. Target audience, design, level of intervention, components and outcomes were abstracted from the full-text articles in Excel databases.
RESULTS: Of the 79 articles, most were conducted in the U.S. (72.2%) and in clinical (40.5%) or school settings (32.9%), and were directed at a single level (76.3%) of the socio-ecological model. Related to the intervention type, most were informational (n = 25, 31.6%) or patient-targeted decision support (n = 23, 29.1%). About 24% were multi-level interventions, with 16 (88.9%) combining two levels. Twenty-seven (33.8%) reported using theory in intervention development. Of those reporting HPV vaccine outcomes, post-intervention vaccine initiation ranged from 5% to 99.2%, while series completion ranged from 6.8% to 93.0%. Facilitators to implementation were the use of patient navigators and user-friendly resources, while barriers included costs, time to implement and difficulties of integrating interventions into the organizational workflow.
CONCLUSIONS: There is a strong need to expand the implementation of HPV-vaccine promotion interventions beyond education alone and at a single level of intervention. Development and evaluation of effective strategies and multi-level interventions may increase the uptake of the HPV vaccine among adolescents and young adults.
Journal of Women's Health (Jun 2023)
Social Risk and Smoking Among Women Smokers Early in the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Mental Health |
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Winslow, V. A., Jagai, J. S., Makelarski, J. A., Wroblewski, K. E., Lindau, S. T., & Vu, M.* (2023). Social Risk and Smoking Among Women Smokers Early in the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Mental Health. Journal of women's health (2002), 10.1089/jwh.2023.0013. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2023.0013 |
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*CPCRN Co-Authors |
Abstract
BACKGROUND: We examined patterns of smoking in relation to health-related socioeconomic vulnerability (HRSV) among U.S. women early in the pandemic and whether mental health symptoms mediated these relationships. Materials and
METHODS: Data were obtained from the April 2020 National U.S. Women's Health COVID-19 Study (N = 3200). Among current smokers, adjusted odds of increased smoking since the start of the pandemic (vs. same or less) by incident and worsening HRSVs were modeled. Structural equation modeling was used to assess anxiety, depression, and traumatic stress symptoms as mediators of the relationship between six HRSVs (food insecurity; housing, utilities, and transportation difficulties; interpersonal violence; financial strain) and increased smoking early in the pandemic.
RESULTS: Nearly half (48%) of current smokers reported increased smoking since the pandemic started. Odds of increased smoking were higher among women with incident financial strain (aOR = 2.0, 95% CI 1.2-3.3), incident food insecurity (aOR = 2.9, 95% CI 1.7-5.1), any worsening HRSV (aOR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.5-3.0), and worsening food insecurity (aOR = 1.9, 95% CI 1.3-3.0). Anxiety symptoms were a significant, partial mediator of the relationship between increased smoking and any worsening HRSVs (proportion mediated = 0.17, p = 0.001) and worsening food insecurity (0.19, p = 0.023), specifically. Depression symptoms were a significant, partial mediator of the relationship between increased smoking and any worsening HRSVs (0.15, p = 0.004) and incident financial strain (0.19, p = 0.034). Traumatic stress was not a significant mediator of any tested relationship.
CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety and depression symptoms partially explain the relationship between rising socioeconomic vulnerability and increased smoking among women early in the pandemic. Addressing HRSVs and mental health may help reduce increased smoking during a public health crisis.
KEYWORDS: COVID-19 pandemic; anxiety; depression; mental health; smoking; social risks.
Cancer Causes & Control (Jun 2023)
Wheeler, S. B.*, Lee, R. J.*, Young, A*. L., Dodd, A., Ellis, C.*, Weiner, B. J.*, Ribisl, K. M.*, Adsul, P.*, Birken, S. A.*, Fernández, M. E.*, Hannon, P. A.*, Hébert, J. R.*, Ko, L. K.*, Seaman, A.*, Vu, T.*, Brandt, H. M.*, & Williams, R. S.* (2023). The special sauce of the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network: 20 years of lessons learned in developing the evidence base, building community capacity, and translating research into practice. Cancer causes & control : CCC, 10.1007/s10552-023-01691-1. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-023-01691-1 |
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*CPCRN Co-Authors |
Abstract
PURPOSE: The Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network (CPCRN) is a national network focused on accelerating the translation of cancer prevention and control research evidence into practice through collaborative, multicenter projects in partnership with diverse communities. From 2003 to 2022, the CPCRN included 613 members.
METHODS: We: (1) characterize the extent and nature of collaborations through a bibliometric analysis of 20 years of Network publications; and (2) describe key features and functions of the CPCRN as related to organizational structure, productivity, impact, and focus on health equity, partnership development, and capacity building through analysis of 22 in-depth interviews and review of Network documentation.
RESULTS: Searching Scopus for multicenter publications among the CPCRN members from their time of Network engagement yielded 1,074 collaborative publications involving two or more members. Both the overall number and content breadth of multicenter publications increased over time as the Network matured. Since 2004, members submitted 123 multicenter grant applications, of which 72 were funded (59%), totaling more than $77 million secured. Thematic analysis of interviews revealed that the CPCRN's success-in terms of publication and grant productivity, as well as the breadth and depth of partnerships, subject matter expertise, and content area foci-is attributable to: (1) its people-the inclusion of members representing diverse content-area interests, multidisciplinary perspectives, and geographic contexts; (2) dedicated centralized structures and processes to enable and evaluate collaboration; and (3) focused attention to strategically adapting to change.
CONCLUSION: CPCRN's history highlights organizational, strategic, and practical lessons learned over two decades to optimize Network collaboration for enhanced collective impact in cancer prevention and control. These insights may be useful to others seeking to leverage collaborative networks to address public health problems.
KEYWORDS: Cancer prevention and control; Collaboration; Community engagement; Implementation science; Mixed methods; Research translation.
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians | Jun 2023
Social Determinants of Health and US Cancer Screening Interventions: A Systematic Review |
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Korn, A. R., Walsh-Bailey, C., Correa-Mendez, M., DelNero, P.*, Pilar, M., Sandler, B., Brownson, R. C., Emmons, K. M., & Oh, A. Y.* (2023). Social determinants of health and US cancer screening interventions: A systematic review. CA: a cancer journal for clinicians, 10.3322/caac.21801. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21801 |
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*CPCRN Co-Author |
Abstract
There remains a need to synthesize linkages between social determinants of health (SDOH) and cancer screening to reduce persistent inequities contributing to the US cancer burden. The authors conducted a systematic review of US-based breast, cervical, colorectal, and lung cancer screening intervention studies to summarize how SDOH have been considered in interventions and relationships between SDOH and screening. Five databases were searched for peer-reviewed research articles published in English between 2010 and 2021. The Covidence software platform was used to screen articles and extract data using a standardized template. Data items included study and intervention characteristics, SDOH intervention components and measures, and screening outcomes. The findings were summarized using descriptive statistics and narratives. The review included 144 studies among diverse population groups. SDOH interventions increased screening rates overall by a median of 8.4 percentage points (interquartile interval, 1.8–18.8 percentage points). The objective of most interventions was to increase community demand (90.3%) and access (84.0%) to screening. SDOH interventions related to health care access and quality were most prevalent (227 unique intervention components). Other SDOH, including educational, social/community, environmental, and economic factors, were less common (90, 52, 21, and zero intervention components, respectively). Studies that included analyses of health policy, access to care, and lower costs yielded the largest proportions of favorable associations with screening outcomes. SDOH were predominantly measured at the individual level. This review describes how SDOH have been considered in the design and evaluation of cancer screening interventions and effect sizes for SDOH interventions. Findings may guide future intervention and implementation research aiming to reduce US screening inequities.
Journal of Immigration & Minority Health (Jun 2023)
A Scoping Review of Cancer Interventions with Arab Americans |
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Chebli, P.*, Strayhorn, S. M., Hanneke, R., Muramatsu, N., Watson, K., Fitzgibbon, M., Abboud, S., & Molina, Y. (2023). A Scoping Review of Cancer Interventions with Arab Americans. Journal of immigrant and minority health, 10.1007/s10903-023-01497-y. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-023-01497-y |
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*CPCRN Co-Authors |
Abstract
This scoping review provides an overview of cancer interventions implemented with Arab Americans across the cancer control continuum, including an examination of outcomes and implementation processes. The search strategy included database searching and reviewing reference lists and forward citations to identify articles describing interventions with Arab adults living in the US, with no restrictions on date of publication or research methodology. The review included 23 papers describing 12 unique cancer interventions. Most interventions focused on individual-level determinants of breast and cervical cancer screening; used non-quasi-experimental research designs to evaluate intervention effectiveness; and demonstrated improvements in short-term cancer screening knowledge. Implementation processes were less commonly described. Most interventions were culturally and linguistically tailored to communities of focus; were delivered in educational sessions in community settings; engaged with the community mostly for recruitment and implementation; and were funded by foundation grants. Suggestions for research and intervention development are discussed.
KEYWORDS: Arab Americans; Cancer disparities; Cancer intervention; Implementation.
Implementation Science Communications | Volume 4, Article 56 (May 2023)
"Application of The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research to Inform Understanding of Barriers and Facilitators to the Implementation of Opioid and Naloxone Training on College Campuses" |
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Waters, A. R.*, van Thiel Berghuijs, K. M., Kaddas, H. K., Vaca Lopez, P. L., Chevrier, A., Ray, N., Tsukamoto, T., Allen, K., Fair, D. B., Lewis, M. A., Perez, G. K., Park, E. R., Kirchoff, A. C., & Warner, E. L. (2023). Sources of informal financial support among adolescent and young adult cancer survivors: a mixed methods analysis from the HIAYA CHAT study. Support Care Cancer, 31(3), 159. doi: 10.1007/s00520-023-07626-5. PMID: 36773110. |
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*CPCRN Co-Author |
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The opioid epidemic in the US continues to worsen. Opioid-only and polysubstance-involved opioid overdose deaths are increasing among adolescents and young adults, who have limited knowledge of opioid overdose prevention, including recognition and response. College campuses have infrastructure to support national-level implementation of evidence-based public health strategies for providing opioid overdose prevention and naloxone training programs among this priority population. However, college campuses are an underutilized, understudied setting for this programming. To address this gap, we conducted research assessing barriers and facilitators to planning and implementing this programming on college campuses.
METHODS: We held 9 focus groups among purposively selected campus stakeholders whose perceptions were important to understand in planning for the dissemination and implementation of opioid overdose prevention and naloxone training. Focus group scripts were informed by The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to query about perceptions of opioid and other substance use, opioid and other substance use-related resources, and naloxone administration training. We used a deductive-inductive, iterative approach to thematic analysis.
RESULTS: Themes about implementation barriers included (1) the perception that problematic use of other (non-opioid) substances was more prevalent than opioid use on campus and focus on those substances would be a greater priority on college campuses; (2) student schedules were overwhelmed with academic commitments and extracurricular activities, making delivery of additional training challenging; (3) barriers related to the perceived complexity and decentralization of communication on campus, preventing students from knowing how to access substance use-related resources. Themes about implementation facilitators included (1) framing naloxone training as important in becoming a responsible leader on campus and in the broader community and (2) leveraging existing infrastructure, champions within existing campus groups, and tailored messaging to facilitate participation in naloxone training.
CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to provide in-depth insights into potential barriers and facilitators to widespread, routine implementation of naloxone/opioid education on undergraduate college campuses. The study captured diverse stakeholder perspectives and was theoretically grounded in CFIR, contributing to the growing literature on the application and refinement of CFIR across diverse community and school contexts.
The Journal of Adolescent Health (May 2023)
Parental Perceptions Related to Co-Administration of Adolescent COVID-19 and Routine Vaccines |
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Gidengil, C. A., Parker, A. M., Gedlinske, A. M., Askelson, N. M.*, Petersen, C. A., Lindley, M. C., Woodworth, K. R., & Scherer, A. M.* (2023). Parental Perceptions Related to Co-Administration of Adolescent COVID-19 and Routine Vaccines. The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 72(5), 667–673. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.11.242 |
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*CPCRN Co-Authors |
Abstract
PURPOSE: Vaccinating adolescents against COVID-19 while avoiding delays in other routine vaccination is paramount to protecting their health. Our objective was to assess parental preferences to have their adolescents aged 12–17 years receive COVID-19 and other routine vaccines at the same time.
METHODS: An online survey with a national, quota-based cross-sectional sample of United States parents of youth aged 12–17 years was fielded in April 2021 ahead of FDA's Emergency Use Authorization of COVID-19 vaccine for age 12–15 years. Parents were asked about their willingness to have their adolescents aged 12–17 years receive both COVID-19 and routine vaccines at the same visit and/or to follow their provider's recommendation. Predictors included demographic characteristics, being behind on routine vaccines, and perceived risks and benefits.
RESULTS: Few parents were willing to have their adolescent receive COVID-19 and routine vaccines at the same visit (10.6%) or follow the healthcare provider's recommendation (18.5%). In multivariate analyses, demographic characteristics had no effect on willingness, reporting that the adolescent was behind on routine vaccines correlated with decreased willingness (p = .004). Greater concern about the adolescent getting COVID-19 (p = .001), lower concern about the adolescent having side effects from the COVID-19 vaccine (p = .013), and more positive feelings about vaccines in general (p = .002) were associated with higher willingness.
DISCUSSION: Few parents would prefer to have their adolescents receive COVID-19 and routine vaccines at the same visit. Understanding what drives willingness to receive all recommended vaccines in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic could inform policies to optimize adolescent vaccination.
Vaccine (Apr 2023)
Health Care Provider Knowledge Around Shared Clinical Decision-Making Regarding HPV Vaccination of Adults Aged 27-45 Years in the United States |
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Gidengil, C. A., Parker, A. M., Markowitz, L. E., Gedlinske, A. M., Askelson, N. M., Petersen, C. A., Meites, E., Lindley, M. C., & Scherer, A. M. (2023). Health care provider knowledge around shared clinical decision-making regarding HPV vaccination of adults aged 27-45 years in the United States. Vaccine, 41(16), 2650–2655. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.02.051 |
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*CPCN Co-Authors |
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends shared clinical decision-making (SCDM) regarding HPV vaccination for adults aged 27–45 years who are not adequately vaccinated. The objective of this survey was to understand physician knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding HPV vaccination in this age group.
METHODS: An online survey was administered in June 2021 to physicians who reported practicing internal medicine, family medicine, or obstetrics and gynecology (targeted N = 250 in each practice specialty), selected randomly from potentially eligible physicians from a panel of 2 million U.S. health care providers.
RESULTS: In total, 753 physicians participated in the survey: 33.3% practiced internal medicine, 33.1% practiced family medicine, and 33.6% practiced obstetrics/gynecology; 62.5% were male and mean physician age was 52.7 years. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, at least a third of participating physicians in each practice specialty reported having more HPV vaccine SCDM discussions with patients aged 27–45 years in the past 12 months. While a majority of physicians (79.7%) reported being aware of the SCDM recommendation for adults in this age group, only half of physicians answered an objective knowledge question about SCDM recommendations correctly.
CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that there are physician knowledge gaps related to SCDM for HPV vaccination. To improve access to HPV vaccination for people most likely to benefit, increasing availability and use of decision aids to support SCDM discussions might help healthcare providers and patients jointly make the most informed decisions about HPV vaccination.
Cancer Causes & Control | Volume 34, Issue 4 (April 2023)
"Principles to Operationalize Equity in Cancer Research and Health Outcomes: Lessons learned from the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network" |
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Chebli, P.*, Adsul, P.*, Kranick, J.*, Rohweder, C. L.*, Risendal, B. C.*, Bilenduke, E.*, Williams, R.*, Wheeler, S.*, Kwon, S. C.*, & Trinh-Shevrin, C.* (2023). Principles to operationalize equity in cancer research and health outcomes: Lessons learned from the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network. Cancer Causes Control, 34(4), 371-387. doi: 10.1007/s10552-023-01668-0. PMID: 36781715. |
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*Co-Authors Representing the CPCRN Health Equity Workgroup |
Abstract
Reflecting their commitment to advancing health equity, the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network (CPCRN) established a Health Equity Workgroup to identify and distill guiding principles rooted in health equity, community-engaged participatory research (CBPR), social determinants of health, and racial equity frameworks to guide its collective work. The Health Equity Workgroup utilized a multi-phase, participatory consensus-building approach to: (1) identify recurrent themes in health and racial equity frameworks; (2) capture perspectives on and experiences with health equity research among CPCRN members through an online survey; (3) engage in activities to discuss and refine the guiding principles; and (4) collect case examples of operationalizing equity principles in cancer research. Representatives from all CPCRN centers endorsed nine core principles to guide the Network’s strategic plan: (1) Engage in power-sharing and capacity building with partners; (2) Address community priorities through community engagement and co-creation of research; (3) Explore and address the systems and structural root causes of cancer disparities; (4) Build a system of accountability between research and community partners; (5) Establish transparent relationships with community partners; (6) Prioritize the sustainability of research benefits for community partners; (7) Center racial equity in cancer prevention and control research; (8) Engage in equitable data collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination practices; and (9) Integrate knowledge translation, implementation, and dissemination into research plans. Dissemination products, such as toolkits and technical assistance workshops, reflecting these principles will foster knowledge transfer to intentionally integrate health and racial equity principles in cancer prevention and control research.
American Journal of Preventive Medicine | Volume 64, Issue 4 (April 2023)
"Community Health Workers to Increase Cancer Screening: 3 Community Guide Systematic Reviews" |
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Waters, A. R.*, van Thiel Berghuijs, K. M., Kaddas, H. K., Vaca Lopez, P. L., Chevrier, A., Ray, N., Tsukamoto, T., Allen, K., Fair, D. B., Lewis, M. A., Perez, G. K., Park, E. R., Kirchoff, A. C., & Warner, E. L. (2023). Sources of informal financial support among adolescent and young adult cancer survivors: a mixed methods analysis from the HIAYA CHAT study. Support Care Cancer, 31(3), 159. doi: 10.1007/s00520-023-07626-5. PMID: 36773110. |
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*CPCRN Co-Authors |
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Many in the U.S. are not up to date with cancer screening. This systematic review examined the effectiveness of interventions engaging community health workers to increase breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening.
METHODS: Authors identified relevant publications from previous Community Guide systematic reviews of interventions to increase cancer screening (1966 through 2013) and from an update search (January 2014-November 2021). Studies written in English and published in peer-reviewed journals were included if they assessed interventions implemented in high-income countries; reported screening for breast, cervical, or colorectal cancer; and engaged community health workers to implement part or all of the interventions. Community health workers needed to come from or have close knowledge of the intervention community.
RESULTS: The review included 76 studies. Interventions engaging community health workers increased screening use for breast (median increase=11.5 percentage points, interquartile interval=5.5‒23.5), cervical (median increase=12.8 percentage points, interquartile interval=6.4‒21.0), and colorectal cancers (median increase=10.5 percentage points, interquartile interval=4.5‒17.5). Interventions were effective whether community health workers worked alone or as part of a team. Interventions increased cancer screening independent of race or ethnicity, income, or insurance status.
DISCUSSION: Interventions engaging community health workers are recommended by the Community Preventive Services Task Force to increase cancer screening. These interventions are typically implemented in communities where people are underserved to improve health and can enhance health equity. Further training and financial support for community health workers should be considered to increase cancer screening uptake.
Journal of Cancer Education (Apr 2023)
A Culturally Adapted Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening Intervention Among Muslim Women in New York City: Results from the MARHABA Trial |
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Wyatt, L. C., Chebli, P.*, Patel, S., Alam, G., Naeem, A., Maxwell, A. E., Raveis, V. H., Ravenell, J., Kwon, S. C.*, & Islam, N. S.* (2023). A Culturally Adapted Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening Intervention Among Muslim Women in New York City: Results from the MARHABA Trial. Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education, 38(2), 682–690. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-022-02177-5 |
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*CPCPRN Co-Authors |
Abstract
We examine the efficacy of MARHABA, a social marketing-informed, lay health worker (LHW) intervention with patient navigation (PN), to increase breast and cervical cancer screening among Muslim women in New York City. Muslim women were eligible if they were overdue for a mammogram and/or a Pap test. All participants attended a 1-h educational seminar with distribution of small media health education materials, after which randomization occurred. Women in the Education + Media + PN arm received planned follow-ups from a LHW. Women in the Education + Media arm received no further contact. A total of 428 women were randomized into the intervention (214 into each arm). Between baseline and 4-month follow-up, mammogram screening increased from 16.0 to 49.0% in the Education + Media + PN arm (p < 0.001), and from 14.7 to 44.6% in the Education + Media arm (p < 0.001). Pap test screening increased from 16.9 to 42.3% in the Education + Media + PN arm (p < 0.001) and from 17.3 to 37.1% in the Education + Media arm (p < 0.001). Cancer screening knowledge increased in both groups. Between group differences were not statistically significant for screening and knowledge outcomes. A longer follow-up period may have resulted in a greater proportion of up-to-date screenings, given that many women had not yet received their scheduled screenings. Findings suggest that the educational session and small media materials were perhaps sufficient to increase breast and cervical cancer screening among Muslim American women. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03081507.
KEYWORDS: Asian Americans; Breast cancer screening; Cervical cancer screening; Community-based participatory research; Muslim Americans.
Journal of Clinical and Translational Science | Volume 7, Issue 1 (March 2023)
"Challenges and Recommendations to Improve Institutional Review Boards’ Review of Community-Engaged Research Proposals: A Scoping Review" |
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Waters, A. R.*, van Thiel Berghuijs, K. M., Kaddas, H. K., Vaca Lopez, P. L., Chevrier, A., Ray, N., Tsukamoto, T., Allen, K., Fair, D. B., Lewis, M. A., Perez, G. K., Park, E. R., Kirchoff, A. C., & Warner, E. L. (2023). Sources of informal financial support among adolescent and young adult cancer survivors: a mixed methods analysis from the HIAYA CHAT study. Support Care Cancer, 31(3), 159. doi: 10.1007/s00520-023-07626-5. PMID: 36773110. |
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*CPCRN Co-Authors |
Abstract
Academic and community investigators conducting community-engaged research (CEnR) are often met with challenges when seeking Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval. This scoping review aims to identify challenges and recommendations for CEnR investigators and community partners working with IRBs. Peer-reviewed articles that reported on CEnR, specified study-related challenges, and lessons learned for working with IRBs and conducted in the United States were included for review. Fifteen studies met the criteria and were extracted for this review. Four challenges identified (1) Community partners not being recognized as research partners (2) Cultural competence, language of consent forms, and literacy level of partners; (3) IRBs apply formulaic approaches to CEnR; & (4) Extensive delays in IRB preparation and approval potentially stifle the relationships with community partners. Recommendations included (1) Training IRBs to understand CEnR principles to streamline and increase the flexibility of the IRB review process; (2) Identifying influential community stakeholders who can provide support for the study; and (3) Disseminating human subjects research training that is accessible to all community investigator to satisfy IRB concerns. Findings from our study suggest that IRBs can benefit from more training in CEnR requirements and methodologies.
Cancer Causes & Control | (Mar 2023)
"Measuring and Addressing Health Equity: An Assessment of Cancer Center Designation Requirements" |
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Semprini, J. T.*, Biddell, C. B.*, Eberth, J. M.*, Charlton, M. E.*, Nash, S. H.*, Yeager, K. A.*, Evans, D.*, Madhivanan, P.*, Brandt, H. M.*, Askelson, N. M.*, Seaman, A. T.*, & Zahnd, W. E.* (2023). Measuring and addressing health equity: An assessment of cancer center designation requirements. Cancer Causes Control. doi: 10.1007/s10552-023-01680-4. PMID: 36939948. |
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*Co-Authors Representing the CPCRN Health Equity Workgroup |
Abstract
PURPOSE: By requiring specific measures, cancer endorsements (e.g., accreditations, designations, certifications) promote high-quality cancer care. While 'quality' is the defining feature, less is known about how these endorsements consider equity. Given the inequities in access to high-quality cancer care, we assessed the extent to which equity structures, processes, and outcomes were required for cancer center endorsements.
METHODS: We performed a content analysis of medical oncology, radiation oncology, surgical oncology, and research hospital endorsements from the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), American Society of Radiation Oncology (ASTRO), American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer (CoC), and the National Cancer Institute (NCI), respectively. We analyzed requirements for equity-focused content and compared how each endorsing body included equity as a requirement along three axes: structures, processes, and outcomes.
RESULTS: ASCO guidelines centered on processes assessing financial, health literacy, and psychosocial barriers to care. ASTRO guidelines related to language needs and processes to address financial barriers. CoC equity-related guidelines focused on processes addressing financial and psychosocial concerns of survivors, and hospital-identified barriers to care. NCI guidelines considered equity related to cancer disparities research, inclusion of diverse groups in outreach and clinical trials, and diversification of investigators. None of the guidelines explicitly required measures of equitable care delivery or outcomes beyond clinical trial enrollment.
CONCLUSION: Overall, equity requirements were limited. Leveraging the influence and infrastructure of cancer quality endorsements could enhance progress toward achieving cancer care equity. We recommend that endorsing organizations 1) require cancer centers to implement processes for measuring and tracking health equity outcomes and 2) engage diverse community stakeholders to develop strategies for addressing discrimination.
View and Download the Full Agenda of CPCRN Involvement at ASPO 2023
Learn More at ASPO's Official Meeting Website HERE
Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (Mar 2023)
Disaggregating Racial and Ethnic Data: A Step Toward Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion |
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Liang, P. S., Kwon, S. C.*, Cho, I., Trinh-Shevrin, C.,* & Yi, S. (2023). Disaggregating Racial and Ethnic Data: A Step Toward Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion. Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association, 21(3), 567–571. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2022.12.001 |
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*CPCRN Co-Authors |
Abstract
Data on race and ethnicity are crucial for identifying and addressing health disparities. Incomplete or inaccurate data constrain the ability of researchers, administrators, and policymakers to provide targeted assistance to groups who otherwise could be overlooked. Unfortunately, a large discrepancy exists between the many racial and ethnic categories individuals use to self-identify and available categories in typical databases. In the health care setting, categories for race and ethnicity generally follow the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) minimum standards for reporting federal data, which have not been updated since 1997.1 The OMB minimum standards for classification of race and ethnicity (Table 1) use 5 categories for race (American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, Black or African American, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, and White) and 2 categories for ethnicity (Hispanic or Latino and Not Hispanic or Latino). These broad categories combine subgroups of individuals with distinct ancestries and cultures as well as socioeconomic realities. Many individuals—especially those who identify with minoritized subgroups—do not have the option to choose the specific ethnic group they prefer. Similarly, those who are of Middle Eastern or North African descent have not been provided options but historically have chosen White as their race. In this context, individuals become anonymous members of a larger group, and potential health disparities within these broader racial and ethnic categories are concealed in the aggregate data. In this article, our objectives are to show the importance of disaggregating racial and ethnic data in gastroenterology and hepatology, as well as to suggest solutions for addressing this problem at the individual, institutional, and societal level.
Cancer Causes & Control | (Feb 2023)
"Identifying Research Practices Toward Achieving Health Equity Principles Within the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network" |
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Adsul, P.*, Islam, J.*, Chebli, P.*, Kranick, J.*, Nash, S.*, Arem, H.*, Wheeler, S.*, Lopez-Pentecost, M.*, Foster, V.*, Sharma, R. K.*, Felder, T.*, Risendal, B.*, Chavarria, E. A.*, Kwon, S.*, Hirschey, R.*, & Trinh-Shevrin, C.* (2023). Identifying research practices toward achieving health equity principles within the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network. Cancer Causes Control. doi: 10.1007/s10552-023-01674-2. PMID: 36826623. |
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*Co-Authors Representing the CPCRN Health Equity Workgroup |
Abstract
PURPOSE: Although there is national recognition for health equity-oriented research, there is limited guidance for researchers to engage partnerships that promote health equity in cancer research. The Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network's (CPCRN) Health Equity Work Group developed a toolkit to guide researchers in equitable collaborations.
METHODS: The CPCRN's Health Equity Work Group collectively outlined health and racial equity principles guiding research collaborations with partners that include communities, community-based organizations, implementing partners in the clinical setting including providers and health care organizations, and policy makers. Using a network-wide survey to crowdsource information around ongoing practices, we leveraged and integrated the network's experience and collaborations.
RESULTS: Data from the survey formed the preliminary basis for the toolkit, with a focus on sharing fiscal resources with partners, training and capacity building, collaborative decision-making, community-driven research agenda setting, and sustainability. The final toolkit provides reflection considerations for researchers and collated exemplary resources, supported by the contemporary research.
CONCLUSIONS: The toolkit provides a guide to researchers at all experience levels wanting to engage in equitable research collaborations. Future efforts are underway to evaluate whether and how researchers within and outside CPCRN are able to incorporate these principles in research collaborations.